Students can find the best My English Book 8th Standard Question Answer and 8th Class English Chapter 4.5 Festivals of North East Question Answer Warming Up English Workshop Answers Pdf for exam preparation.
Std 8 English Chapter 4.5 Festivals of North East Question Answer Pdf
8th Class English Chapter 4.5 Festivals of North East Questions and Answers
Chit – Chat
Question 1.
Do you like to celebrate festivals?
Answer:
Yes, I do like to celebrate festivals.
Question 2.
Why do you enjoy fairs and festivals?
Answer:
I enjoy fairs and festivals because they are an occasion to celebrate. During this time, special dishes are made, people come together, sing songs and dance, give and receive gifts and all around there is a feeling of happiness.
Question 3.
What are the different festivals celebrated in our State?
Answer:
The State of Maharashtra celebrates festivals such as Diwali, Ganeshotsava, Holi, Makar Sankranti, Dussehra, etc.
Question 4.
Do you know festivals which are celebrated in other States?
Answer:
Yes, I am aware of a few festivals celebrated in other states. For example, Lohri and Baisakhi are festivals that are celebrated as harvest festivals in Delhi, Punjab, etc. Navratri is celebrated in Gujarat. The south of India celebrates Pongal and Vishu, etc.
[Note: The above answers are for reference.
Students are expected to attempt the above activity on their own.]
Question 5.
What is the relation between seasons and festivals?
Answer:
India is an agricultural country and agriculture depends on weather and seasons. Hence, before a season begins, a celebration is held to pray to the Gods for a favourable climate, so as to ensure an efficient process of farming. Also, after a successful harvest season, we celebrate prosperity, by thanking the Gods. This is the tradition of our nation. Hence, there is a close relation between seasons and festivals in India.
8th English 4.5 Festivals of North East India Warming Up Answers
Question 1.
Read the names of the festivals celebrated in our country.
Discuss in your group and write down why they are celebrated.
(1) Diwali
(2) Holi
(3) Ramzan
(4) Dussehra
(5) Christmas
(6) Makar Sankranti /Pongal
Answer:
(1) Diwali:
a. Diwali celebrates the victory of good over evil, when Lord Ram returned to Ayodhya after 14 years of exile.
(2) Holi:
a. It is celebrated to mark the victory of good over evil. The demoness Holika tricked Lord Vishnu’s devotee Pralhada to sit on a burning pyre. Though Holika was immune to fire, she was reduced to ashes by Lord Vishnu, while Pralhada was saved.
b. It is celebrated to welcome spring, which is a time of happiness, after the harvest season.
(3) Ramzan:
a. It marks the day when the Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad.
b. It marks the end of the 30 days of fasting during the holy period of Ramzan.
(4) Dussehra:
a. It marks the day when Lord Ram obtained victory over the demon King Ravana.
(5) Christmas:
a. It marks the birth of Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity.
(6) Makar Sankranti/Pongal:
a. It is the harvest festival which signals the beginning of the season of summer.
Question 2.
Write down any five features that are common to all festival celebrations.
(1) …………………………………………..
(2) …………………………………………..
(3) …………………………………………..
(4) …………………………………………..
(5) …………………………………………..
Answer:
(1) All festival celebrations begin by cleaning the homes and by cleansing oneself.
(2) Making a visit to a place of worship such as a ‘ mandir, church, masjid is often undertaken on festivals.
(3) Preparation of sweets and special dishes are common during festivals.
(4) New clothes are worn on this day.
(5) People share gifts and wishes on this day.
Question 3.
Frame words related to the following topics as per instructions.
Answer:
a. sing
b. dance
c. eat
d. gift
Answer:
a. group
b. classical
c. melodious
d. traditional
Answer:
a. music
b. beats
c. group
d. tradition
• On what occasion are the three sets of Bihu festival celebrated?
Answer:
The three sets of Bihu festival are celebrated before harvest season, after sowing and at the end of harvest.
• How is Losar celebrated?
Answer:
Losar is celebrated by cleaning the home and discarding old things.
• Who celebrate the Ningol chakouba festival.
Answer:
People of Manipur celebrate the Ningol chakouba festival.
• How do the villagers dance during the Wangala festival?
Answer:
A dance in which there are two parallel lines – one of men and the other of women, clad in festive costumes. The men beat the drums and the women move rhythmically to the beats.
• What do the dances in Tripura festivals stand for?
Answer:
Dances which represent hunting fishing, food-gathering, etc. are performed.
• When is Moastu celebrated?
Answer:
end of the sowing season.
• Why are festivals so important in the seven-sister States of north-east India?
Answer:
Festivals are very important in the seven-sister States of North-east India because:
- They are celebrated by all the people regardless of religion, caste or tribes.
- Most festivals have a religious importance as the people wish to thank the Gods for their prosperity or ask for protection against calamities.
- They encourage cultural and artistic activities and bring out the natural talent of people.
4.5 Festivals of North East India English Workshop Answers Pdf
Question 1.
Insert the proper words / phrases in the gaps to make the narration meaningful. Use them in their proper form.
(discard, revive, diverse, handed down, bring out, sumptuous)
While shopping I suddenly met Lata Shankaran. Meeting my classmate after twenty years ……… our friendship. We spoke on …… topics, of our past, present and future. We realised that we could not old school memories. She showed me a beautiful ring ……. by her great grandmother. We discussed about how we should the best from our own children. Before we parted, we decided to meet again, that night and have a …… dinner at a five star hotel along with our families.
Answer:
While shopping I suddenly met Lata Shankaran. Meeting my classmate after twenty years revived our friendship. We spoke on diverse topics, of our past, present and future. We realised that we could not discard old school memories. She showed me a beautiful ring handed down by her great grandmother. We discussed about how we should bring out the best from our own children. Before we parted, we decided to meet again, that night and have a sumptuous dinner at a five star hotel along with our families.
Question 2.
Correct the wrongly spelt words from the extract and make a word chain of nouns from them.
(1) mannor
(2) season
(3) natere
(4) dram
(5) lacals
(6) festivel
(7) end
(8) retual
Word chain: Festival- 1 ……..
Answer:
(1) manner
(2) season
(3) nature
(4) drum
(5) locals
(6) festival
(7) end
(8) ritual
Question 3.
Read the lesson and fill up the table.
Answer:
| State | Chief festival | Reasons for celebrating | Ways of celebrating |
| Assam | Bihu | To mark the end of the harvest season | Performing the Bihu dance, use of traditional songs and musical instruments, holding Bihu competitions |
| Arunachal Pradesh | Losar | New year | Cleaning the homes, discarding old things |
| Manipur | Ningol-Chakouba | To bind and revive the relationship between married daughters and their parents | Giving a sumptuous meal and gifts to married daughters and their children. |
| Cheiraoba | New year | Cleaning and decorating the house and preparing special dishes, climbing on hilltops for prosperity. | |
| Mizoram | Chapchar Kut | Spring festival | Men and women wearing traditional dresses and headgear perform folk dances and sing traditional songs. |
| Meghalaya | Wangala | To mark the end of the harvest season | A dance in which there are two parallel lines – one of men and the other of women, clad in festive costumes. The men beat the drums and the women move rhythmically to the beats. |
| Tripura | – | Harvest festival | Dances which represent hunting, fishing, food-gathering, etc. are performed. |
| Nagaland | Moastu | To Mark the end of the sowing season. | Villagers dance to traditional music by wearing colourful clothes and headgear decorated with feathers and wild boar tusks. |
Question 4.
Choose the appropriate alternatives to complete the following.
(1) Every festival of North-East India is incomplete without ………..
A. food and sweets
B. dance and music
C. lights and crackers
Answer:
B. dance and music
(2) People of …….. are true lovers of nature and its beauty.
A. Assam
B. Mizoram
C. Arunachal Pradesh
Answer:
C. Arunachal Pradesh
(3) The ………. festival is celebrated three times a year to mark the stages of agriculture.
A. Bihu
B. Chapchar Kut
C. Wangala
Answer:
A. Bihu
(4) In Tripura, the festivities represent ……..
A. preparing special dishes
B. reaching greater heights
C. hunting, fishing, food-gathering
Answer:
C. hunting, fishing, food-gathering
(5) An additional advantage of the festive celebrations is ………
A. listening to festive music
B. bringing out the natural talent of the people
C. getting a holiday from work
Answer:
B. bringing out the natural talent of the people
Question 5.
Pick out the Adjective forms of the following words from the lesson.
A.
(a) diversity
(b) festival
(c) joy
(d) variety
(e) tradition
(f) mountain
Answer:
(a) diverse
(b) festive
(c) joyful
(d) varied
(e) traditional
(f) mountainous
B. Pick out the Noun forms of the following words from the lesson.
(a) complete : …………
(b) move : …………
(c) live : …………
(d) rhythmic : …………
(e) prosper : …………
(f) green : …………
Answer:
(a) complete : completeness/ completion
(b) move : movement
(c) live : life
(d) rhythmic : rhythm
(e) prosper : prosperity
(f) green : greenery
C. The three words below can be used in sentences as Nouns as well as Verbs.
Make sentences of your own that show the different usage.
• End (Noun) ………………..
end (Verb) ………………….
• dance (Noun) ………………..
dance (Verb) ………………..
• harvest (Noun) ………………..
harvest (Verb) ………………..
Answer:
• At the end of the play everyone stood up to applaud the performances. (Noun)
Sheetal was eagerly waiting for the exams to end. (Verb)
• The lavani is the traditional dance of Maharashtra. (Noun)
Megha would often dance like no one was watching. (Verb)
• Rambhau had a bumper harvest of mangoes. (Noun)
Farmers need suitable equipment to harvest their crops. (Verb)
Question 6.
Imagine you are a News reporter visiting Assam / Manipur. Compose a dialogue between you and a village headman seeking information about the celebration of festivals.
Use the following steps.
• Greeting / skilful introduction of the topic / 5 to 6 sets of dialogue about the topic / conclusion / good-bye greeting.
Write the above in our notebook. You may even use additional information from the Internet or from some book.
Answer:
Me : Good evening, Sir! I am Rohit Sen from Speednews. Welcome to this chat. Our readers would like to know from you about how festivals are celebrated in Assam.
Village headman: Well, thank you for this interview. It would be a pleasure to let the readers know about our state and the festivities.
Me : Sir, on my way to this village, I happened to see a lot of singing and dancing in several areas. What festival are the people of Assam celebrating at this time of the year?
Village headman: As you see, this is the season of monsoon and the farmers have just completed the process of sowing seeds. This festival of Bihu is being celebrated to mark the successful completion of sowing, to pray to the Gods that the farmers get a good harvest this year.
Me : Wow! Sounds good! Tell us
more about the celebrations, Sir.
Village headman: The people unite in joy and merriment. Special dishes and sweets are cooked to offer to the Gods and to share it with other people. People put on their traditional dresses and enjoy the singing and the Bihu dance.
Me : The Bihu dance? Is it the special traditional dance of Assam?
Village headman : Yes, it is! Young men and women perform this brisk dance with hand movements, to the rhythm and tune of the dhol, the pepa, the cymbals and a bamboo clapper. This dance is enjoyed by all and performed by all across the state. It attracts huge crowds of people from around the world.
Me : Well, the dance is indeed very beautifully arranged! It looks simple but requires a lot of practice.
Village headman : Yes, it does! But every child in Assam has grown up dancing to the traditional songs and the steps of this dance!
Me : Wow! What other festivals does Assam celebrate?
Village headman : The festival of Bihu itself is celebrated thrice a year! The first time, when the harvest season begins, again when the sowing is completed, and finally at the end of the harvest season.
Me : I think I need to come back once harvesting is done. Now that I fully understand the festival of Bihu, I would enjoy it more! Thank you so much for the information!
Village headman : You are welcome? But don’t forget to visit us at the end of the harvest season!
Me : Bye! Thank you, Sir! Goodbye!
Change the form of the sentences below as per instructions, without changing
meaning or Tense.
(1) The people offer thanks to the Gods. (Rewrite using present continuous tense.)
Answer:
The people are offering thanks to the Gods.
(2) Hardly a month passes, without a festival or two. (Rewrite using ‘No’ in the sentence.)
Answer:
Almost no month passes, without a festival or two.
(3) The Spring Festival is an important occasion, ………. ? (Add a Question Tag.)
Answer:
isn’t it?
(4) The Bihu dance is performed by both young men and women. (Rewrite using ‘as well as’.)
Answer:
The Bihu dance is performed by both young men as well as women.
(5) The Bihu dance is a very joyous one. (Rewrite as an Exclamatory Sentence.)
Answer:
How joyous the Bihu dance is!
(6) Read about how different festivals are celebrated. (Frame wh-question to get the underlined answer.)
Answer:
What must one read about?
Live English
It’s My Journey
Harshita and Raju plan to visit Ajanta and Ellora caves and some historical places at Aurangabad. They ask their parents if they can book their own tickets, online. So they go to their friend David, who is able to book tickets online. He helps them to book the tickets.
(1) Work in groups. Discuss steps of online booking.
Answer:
i. Online Bus Ticket Booking
ii. Online Train Ticket Booking
Frequently Asked Questions. (FAQ)
(2) Work in pair and write down the answers of the following questions. Share with the class.
General
• What type of buses can I book a ticket for?
Answer:
You can book a ticket for a Volvo, Deluxe, semi Deluxe, Air conditioned, Sleeper, Semi Sleeper buses and many other types of buses.
• What are the specifications of a Volvo, Sleeper and Semi Sleeper bus?
Answer:
Volvo buses are luxury air-conditioned buses, Sleeper buses have berths just like trains while Semi Sleeper buses have reclining easy chairs.
Registration Information
• Do I need to register before booking a bus ticket?
Answer:
Registering is not essential before booking a bus ticket. You can sign in either as a guest or as a registered user to book bus tickets.
• What are the benefits of registering on journey.com?
Answer:
Once a person is registered, the following are the benefits:
a. You will receive updates about the best booking at the best price.
b. You can avail discounts and concessions on select bus journeys, hotel bookings and holiday packages.
Booking Information
• How can I book a bus ticket?
Answer:
You can directly log on to an online booking site to make bookings or contact the customer care representative of an online booking site to book bus tickets.
• Can I book a return bus ticket?
Answer:
For booking a return bus ticket, you have to make two transactions. For example, if you wish to travel to and from Nagpur, one transaction would be for the journey from Mumbai to Nagpur and the other from Nagpur to Mumbai.
• I don’t have internet access. Can I still book a bus ticket?
Answer:
Yes, you can still book bus tickets if you visit the retail centres of the online booking offices, which are located at many places and ask help from the customer care representative.
• How will I receive my bus ticket?
Answer:
You would receive the e-ticket at the time of booking or it may be sent to your email account. You would then require to download the e-ticket, take a printout and present it at the time of boarding the bus.
• Can I reserve my seat on the bus when booking my bus ticket?
Answer:
Yes, you can definitely reserve the seat you want by referring to the seat map that is available on the online bus booking site.
• How do I know the seating plan in a bus?
Answer:
Seating plans on the bus usually follow the given standard formats of seating:
a. 2 + 1 means 2 seats on one side and 1 seat on the other side of the aisle.
b. 2 + 2 means 2 seats on one side and 2 seats on the other side of the aisle.
c. 2 + 3 means 2 seats on one side and 3 seats on the other side of the aisle.
Ticket Information
• Can I board the bus without a printout on my e-ticket?
Answer:
You cannot board a bus without an e-ticket. You have to take a printout of the e-ticket and present it at the time of boarding the bus.
• Do I need to present any identification while boarding the bus?
Answer:
You would need to furnish a photo identity of yourself (passport, aadhar card, etc.) along with the e-ticket before boarding the bus.
Payment Information
• How can I pay for my bus ticket?
Answer:
For purchasing a bus ticket online, you can make use of a credit card, debit card, cash card or net banking. If the ticket has to be booked offline, you can also make use of a cheque or cash.
• Can I pay for someone else’s bus ticket?
Answer:
Yes, you can do so. It is not necessary that the one who books the ticket or pays for it is the passenger.
Boarding Information
• Where do I board my bus from?
Answer:
You can board the bus from any one of the boarding points mentioned on the ticket. Also, you can contact the local bus operator to decide the boarding point, by contacting them on the number mentioned in the e- ticket.
Cancellation Information
• Can I cancel my bus ticket?
Answer:
Yes, you can cancel the bus ticket. Call up the customer care centre of the online bus booking site or send an
e-mail on the e-mail address mentioned on the site.
• Is there a cancellation fee?
Answer:
Yes, there is a cancellation fee according to the conditions mentioned on the e-ticket.
In most cases, the rule followed is:
a. Cancellation more than 24 hours before travel – 25% of the fare
b. Cancellation within 12 to 24 hours before travel – No refund in some cases, for others 75% of the fare
c. Cancellation within 12 hours before travel – No refund
In some cases, there is no refund, so do refer the e-ticket or contact the local bus operator for conditions regarding the same.
• I have purchased 6 bus tickets, but would like to cancel 2 bus tickets. Can I do that?
Answer:
Partial cancellation of tickets in not usually done. First cancel the booking of all the 6 tickets and make fresh bookings for the number of tickets you want.
Refund Information
• How and when will my refund be processed on a cancelled bus ticket?
Answer:
Your refund will be processed within seven working days from the day of cancellation and the money would be returned to thej account from where the online booking amount was paid. In case that is not possible, a demand draft / cheque would be sent to your mailing address within 10 working days from the date of cancellation.
• If I miss my bus, am I eligible for a refund?
Answer:
No refund is possible if you miss the bus.
• What are the other cases where I am eligible for a refund?
Answer:
You are eligible for a refund if the local bus operator cancels the bus. In that case the online booking site is not responsible and the local bus operator would refund the amount.
Travel Information
• Can I modify my bus ticket booking?
Answer:
You cannot modify an existing ticket. You have to first cancel the ticket you have and book another one in its place.
• Can someone else travel on my bus ticket?
Answer:
No, no one can travel in your place. You need to furnish a photo identity of yourself along with the e-ticket before boarding the bus. The name and details of the person in the photo identity proof and the e-ticket must match.
• How much luggage can I take on the bus?
Answer:
The conditions concerning luggage are mentioned in the e-ticket. Refer to it or ask the local Bus operation regarding the same.
Chapter 4.5 Festivals of North East India Question Answer Extra Questions
Simple Factual
Question 1.
Name the following.
i. The number of states in the North-east of India.
ii. The basis for the celebration of most festivals.
iii. The state which finds a mention in the ancient literature of the Puranas and the Mahabharata.
iv. The state where Ningol-Chakouba is celebrated.
v. The name of the New Year festival in Manipur.
Answer:
i. seven
ii. agriculture
iii. Arunachal Pradesh
iv. Manipur
v. Cheiraoba
[“Read about how ………
………. in this life.”]
Complex Factual
Question 2.
Ningol-Chakouba is celebrated to bind and revive the relationship between ……..
A. daughters in law and their parents in law
B. sons and their parents in law
C. married daughters and their parents
Answer:
C. married daughters and their parents
Question 3.
Complete the web-diagram depicting the musical instruments used during the celebration of the Bihu festival.
Answer:
- dhol
- pepa
- cymbals
- bamboo clapper
Vocabulary
Question 4.
Write the antonyms of the following from the extract:
i. sorrow
ii. modern
iii. ending
iv. usual
v. farthest
vi. lower
Answer:
i. joy
ii. traditional
iii. beginning
iv. unusual
v. nearest
vi. higher
Grammar
Question 5.
Do as Directed:
i. The Bihu is a joyous dance. It is performed by both young men and women.
(Combine the sentences using a suitable Conjunction)
Answer:
The Bihu is a joyous dance which is performed by both young men and women.
ii. a. The North-east region of India consists of seven states.
b. Many of their festivals are based on
agriculture and no celebration is complete
without the traditional music and dance.
(Identify whether the above given sentences are Simple, Complex or Compound sentences)
Answer:
a. Simple sentence
b. Compound sentence
Open-ended / Personal Response
Question 6.
Festivals are a very effective way to unite society. Explain.
Answer:
Festivals are definitely a very good way to unite society because of the following reasons:
- They are celebrated by all the people irrespective of age, caste, religion or language.
- The festivities and celebrations also become a reason for everyone to join in the joy of singing and dancing together.
Simple Factual
Question 7.
State whether the following statements are True or False. Correct the False statements.
i. Chapchar Kut is the Spring festival of Assam.
ii. Wangala is also referred to as the hundred-drum festival.
iii. Moastu of Nagaland is celebrated after the harvest season.
Answer:
i. False. Chapchar Kut is the Spring festival of Mizoram.
ii. True
iii. False. Moastu of Nagaland is celebrated after the sowing season.
[“The Spring Festival ………… talent of the people.]
Grammar
Question 8.
Do as Directed:
i. The Spring festival is an important occasion. (Add a Question Tag)
Answer:
The Spring festival is an important occasion, isn’t it?
ii. All the people join in the celebrations. This is the main feature of the festivals in Tripura. (Combine the above sentences by using a suitable Conjunction)
Answer:
All the people join in the celebrations and this is the main feature of the festivals in Tripura.
Open-ended | Personal Response
Question 9.
Write about a lesser known festival of your community in your own words.
Answer:
In Maharashtra, the Mangala gaur vrat is considered to be a pious festival for newly- married women. Women put on festive clothes, decorate their doorstep with colourful rangolis and make traditional sweets. The sweets are first offered to God and then distributed among the people. On this day, the women also participate in traditional dances and games such as phugadi and zimma.
Activities
Speaking
Question 10.
Which is your favourite festival? Speak a few lines about your favourite festival in front of your class.
[Students are expected to attempt the above activity on their own]
Language Study: Practice Questions
Question 11.
Do as Directed.
i. Complete the words
a. u_ique
b. bri_k
c. sum_tuous
d. r_ythmic
e. c_mbals
f. mounta_nous
g. compet_tion
h. signif_cance
Answer:
a. unique
b. brisk
c. sumptuous
d. rhythmic
e. cymbals
f. mountainous
g. competition
h. significance
ii. Give the meanings of the following phrases and use them in sentences of your own:
a. bring out – to develop and present to public Teachers always try to bring out the best in their students.
b. handed down – passed on to the next generation Ayurvedic treatment for various illnesses has been handed down by our ancestor years ago.
c. to rise to a higher plane in life – to be prosperous
The villagers perform various religious rituals as they believe that it will help them rise to a higher plane in life.
iii. Put the words in the alphabetical order:
a. buffalo, blessed, Bihu, brisk
b. hunting, home, harvesting, houses
Answer:
a. Bihu, blessed, brisk, buffalo
b. harvesting, home, houses, hunting
iv. Punctuate the following:
a. a charming festival of manipur ningol chakouba binds and revives the relationship between married girls and their parents
b. wangala or the hundred-drum festival is the most important festival celebrated by the garos in the villages of meghalaya
Answer:
a. A charming festival of Manipur- Ningol Chakouba- binds and revives the relationship between married girls and their parents.
b. Wangala or the hundred-drum festival is the most important festival celebrated by the Garos in the villages of Meghalaya.
v. Make four words (minimum 3 letters) using the letters in the given words:
a. sumptuous
b. calamities
Answer:
a. must, toss, soup, stump
b. camel, caste, east, slim
vi. Write related adjectives for the following noun:
Answer:
sowing, cultivating, natural
a. Verbs
discard, …….., ………, ………, ……..
Answer:
discard, decide, educate, enrich, heal
b. Nouns
region, nature, education, neck, kettle
c. Adjectives
brisk, kind, deep, perfect, tall
viii. Add a prefix or suffix to make new words and use the root words in your own sentences:
a. clean
b. relation
Answer:
| Word with Prefix | Word with Suffix |
| a. unclean | Cleaning |
| b. interrelation | relationship |
Sentences
a. Madhuri has to clean her room every morning.
b. The police were certain there was no relation between the two crimes.
ix. Add a subordinate clause to expand the sentences meaningfully:
a. Nature has provided the people of this region with a deep feeling for beauty.
b. This harvest festival is celebrated to mark the end of a period of hard work.
Answer:
a. Nature has provided the people of this region with a deep feeling for beauty which can be seen in their festivities, songs and dances.
b. This harvest festival is celebrated to mark the end of a period of hard work which brings a good harvest.
x. Spot the error and rewrite the correct sentence:
a. The songs is been handed down through many generations.
Answer:
The songs have been handed down through many generations.
Unseen Passages
Introduction
Unseen passages are given to students so that they read the passage, make sense of it, are able to summarise it, can repeat its main points and apply what they have understood.
The above skills are essential to learn a language fluently.
The question types that are asked in this case may be of the following kinds:
- Simple Factual
- Complex Factual
- Vocabulary
- Grammar
- Open-ended / Personal Response
Passage I
Read the following passage and answer the questions:
Simple Factual
Question 12.
State whether the following statements are True or False.
i. The bald eagle is found in the North Atlantic region.
ii. The average speed of the eagle was calculated to be 100 kilometres per hour.
iii. Eagles are seen flying at a great height against forceful winds.
iv. Eagles are afraid of storms.
Answer:
i. False
ii. False
iii. True
iv. False
Being one of the largest birds of prey, eagles have certain unique abilities like the ability to fly higher, having a stronger field of vision and tending to keep a firm grip on objects. The eagle attacks from a high resting place above its target. With unbelievable speed, the eagle usually grabs hold of its victim with complete surprise. The bald eagle is a bird of prey found in North America.
A bald eagle was once seen flying across a stretch of river in less than one minute. The stretch was two and a half kilometres wide. Hence, the average speed of the eagle was calculated to be 150 kilometres per hour, which is normal for an eagle tp achieve. In certain situations, their speed has been observed to go even beyond this number. Doesn’t it surprise you that an eagle knows when a storm is drawing closer long before it actually breaks?
The eagle will fly to some high spot and wait for the winds to arrive. The eagle bends the inside of its wings slightly to minimise the total wing capacity. Eagles are commonly seen flying effortlessly at a great height against forceful winds, swinging only the tips of their primary feathers to adjust according to the changing wind speeds. While the storm strikes, it sets its wings so that the wind will lift it up and above the storm. While the storm rages below, it flies above it. It does not run away from the storm. It rides on the winds that bring the storm and uses the storm to soar higher.
Complex Factual
Question 13.
State the unique features of the eagle.
Answer:
The unique features of an eagle are as follows:
- It flies higher than other birds.
- It has a strong field of vision.
- It has a firm grip on objects.
- It flies at a speed of about 150 kilometres per hour or even higher in certain situations.
- It does not fly away from a storm.
Vocabulary
Question 14.
Use the following words to make meaningful sentences.
i. target
ii. soar
Answer:
i. My target is to score 3 goals in the next match.
ii. Manish saw the dove soar into the skies.
Grammar
Question 15.
Do as Directed:
i. The eagle bends the inside of its wings slightly. (Add a Question Tag)
Answer:
The eagle bends the inside of its wings slightly, doesn’t it?
ii. It rides on the winds that bring the storm and uses the storm to soar higher.
(Pick out the Co-ordinate Clauses and the co-ordinator)
Answer:
It rides on the winds that bring the storm – Co-ordinate Clause
(It) uses the storm to soar higher – Co-ordinate Clause and – Co-ordinator
Open-ended / Personal Response
Question 16.
What is the lesson that you can learn from the eagle?
Answer:
The following are the lessons that I can learn from the eagle:
- I should set higher levels of success for myself.
- I should never lose sight of my target.
- I must have a firm control over the tasks that I have to carry out.
- Instead of fearing challenges, I should try to overcome them.
Passage 2
Read the following passage and answer the questions:
Simple Factual
Question 17.
Fill in the blanks.
i. The ……. was unable to kill any prey to feed himself.
ii. ……. does not survive for long.
iii. Foxes are …….. by nature.
iv. After leaving the cave, the fox informed the other animals about the lion’s ……..
Answer:
i. lion
ii. Evil
iii. clever
iv. evil trick
Once, in a thick dense forest, there used to live a lion that grew so old that he was unable to kill any prey to feed himself. He did not want to die of starvation, so he decided to do something to satisfy his hunger. He kept thinking and thinking and at last he had an idea. This trick could possibly bring him food. He decided to lie down in the cave pretending to be ill and then whoever would come to enquire about his health would become his prey.
The old lion put his wicked plan into practice and it started working, as many animals, who were his well-wishers, foolishly visited him and got killed. But, evil does not survive for long. One day, a fox came to visit the unwell lion. As foxes are clever by nature, the fox stood at the mouth of the cave and looked about. It came to notice a few things and decided to stay outside the cave. He called out to the lion and said, “How are you, sir?” The lion replied, “I am not feeling well at all.
But why don’t you come inside?” Then the fox replied, “I would love to come in, sir! But I have observed one thing, there are foot prints that go inside your cave, but none that come out, I would be foolish to come in.” After saying this, the fox left from there and informed the other animals of the jungle about the lion’s evil trick.
Complex Factual
Question 18.
The fox realised the old lion’s trick. Give reasons.
Answer:
The fox realised the old lion’s trick due to the following reasons:
- Standing at the door of the cave, the fox happened to see prints leading into the cave, but none leading out.
- He sensed that the lion was killing and eating the animals that entered his cave, by pretending to be ill.
Vocabulary
Question 19.
Write the antonyms of the following from the extract.
i. young
ii. good
iii. foolish
iv. inside
Answer:
i. old
ii. evil
iii. clever
iv. outside
Grammar
Question 20.
Do as Directed:
i. he called out to the lion and said how are you sir (Rewrite the sentence with proper punctuation marks)
Answer:
He called out to the lion and said, “How are you, sir?”
ii. This trick could possibly bring him food. (Pick out the Modal Auxiliary)
Answer:
could – Modal Auxiliary
Open-ended / Personal Response
Question 21.
Should you repay good with evil? State your opinion.
Answer:
It is unfair to repay good with evil. The lion ate his well-wishers who had come to enquire about his health, which was wrong on his part. One must repay all kinds of deeds with good alone, as that will help one to lead a sincere and honest life.
Passage 3
Read the following passage and answer the questions:
Simple Factual
Question 22.
Fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the extract.
i. Science is always busy ……. something new.
Answer:
discovering
ii. The universe is a reserve of …… secrets.
Answer:
uncountable
iii. Science fascinates us because it is always ready to take up ……. and questions.
Answer:
challenges
iv. One day, hopefully, a …… way to kill certain cancer cells or eradicate HIV will be possible.
Answer:
cost-effective
Science is always busy discovering something new. It keeps on accepting and rejecting the old and existing theories. From small particles to a huge galaxy full of stars, the universe is a reserve of uncountable secrets. Every new discovery takes us a step further into the unexplored regions of the universe. Each step brings us closer to the unknown side of the world. It is different from history and literature which can be explored only to a certain extent. Science is infinite. Science fascinates us because it is always ready to take up challenges and questions. While history talks only about the past, science reflects on the past, the present and the future. The world of discovery has endless possibilities. Though humans may have a limited understanding of the universe, science has the capacity to push those boundaries.
This has been consistently proven by the various adjustments the world has observed in science in last few decades. In less than two decades, we have witnessed a huge advancement in technology as well as the general knowledge of science. It has enabled doctors to perfect complex treatment methods for rare disorders of the body and has made travelling and communication between distant places easier.
Pluto, which was earlier considered a planet of our solar system, has now been renamed and reclassified. If these things can be accomplished in such a short time, who knows what the world will be in the next few decades. It gives us hope that a more effective way to solve the world’s most complicated problems may be just a short step away. One day, hopefully, a cost-effective way to kill certain cancer cells or eradicate HIV will be possible.
Complex Factual
Question 23.
List the things that have been made possible due to Science.
Answer:
Science has made the following things possible:
- It has discovered cures for certain rare disorders of the body.
- It has made travelling and communication between distant places easier.
Vocabulary
Question 24.
Rewrite the following words with their correct spellings.
i. galacy
ii. infinit
iii. ajustment
iv. iradiket
Answer:
i. galaxy
ii. infinite
iii. adjustment
iv. eradicate
Grammar
Question 25.
Do as Directed:
i. a. countable
b. finite
c. orders
d. classified
(Add a suitable Prefix to the given words to form words from the passage)
Answer:
a. uncountable
b. infinite
c. disorders
d. reclassified
ii. The world of discovery has endless possibilities.
(Pick out the Subject and the Predicate from the given sentence)
Answer:
The world of discovery – Subject
has endless possibilities – Predicate
Open-ended / Personal Response
Question 26.
Which is your favourite subject? Why?
Answer:
Science is my favourite subject as it has unlimited possibilities. It has given many gifts to mankind due of which our life has become much more comfortable than before. Also, the answers to the cure of many incurable diseases of the past, come from Science. Hence, I like this subject die most.
Passage 4
Read the following passage and answer the questions:
Simple Factual
Question 27.
Correct the following statements based on the extract.
i. Writing involves a pleasant fight with nature.
ii. The narrator says that once he starts his work, he is agitated.
iii. The narrator submits himself to a greater power that of God.
iv. The narrator looks for his error but does not correct it.
Answer:
i. Painting involves a pleasant fight with nature.
ii. The narrator says that once he starts his work, he is happy.
iii. The narrator submits himself to a greater power – that of nature.
iv. The narrator looks for his error and corrects it.
I think there is a pleasure in painting, which nobody but painters know. In writing, I have to struggle with the world. In painting, I only have to continue a pleasant fight with nature. Once I start with my work, I am happy. From the moment that I hold the pencil and look at nature, I am at peace with my own heart. I have no foolish opinions to struggle with, no point to stress on and no enemy to crush.
There is no tossing of brains, no clever discussions, no trickery and no attempt to turn black into white or white into black. But, I submit myself into the hands of a greater power – that of nature, like a simple and inexperienced person. With the devotion of an enthusiast – study her manner with joy and her style with pleasure. The mind is at peace and full at the same time.
My hand and eyes are equally at work. In sketching the most common object, a plant or the bottom of a tree, I learn something every moment. I observe unexpected differences. I try to draw what I see – look for my error and correct it. I do not play tricks or make mistakes.
Patience disappears from the endless activity, and transform it into a comfort. A difference of colour in a flower, a line in a leaf, a shade in a cloud and a mark in an old wall are held with enthusiasm. Hours pass away silently, without anger and without boredom. The mind is satisfied, though it is not engaged in thinking or in doing any mischief.
Complex Factual
Question 28.
List the natural things painted by the writer.
Answer:
The natural objects that the writer has painted are – flowers, clouds, leaves, plants and the bottom of a tree.
Vocabulary
Question 29.
Write the synonyms for the following from the extract.
i. foe
ii. easy
iii. ordinary
iv. mistake
Answer:
i. enemy
ii. simple
iii. common
iv. error
Grammar
Question 30.
Do as Directed:
i. I think there is a pleasure in painting.
(Identify the underlined Parts of Speech from the above sentence)
Answer:
think-Verb
in – Preposition
ii. I do not play tricks or make mistakes. (Rewrite using‘neither…nor’)
Answer:
I neither play tricks nor make mistakes.
Open-ended / Personal Response
Question 31.
The writer makes one believe that she is a painter. Give your reasons.
Answer:
Yes, the writer makes me believe that she is a painter because in the beginning of the passage itself, she makes a comparison between her experience as a writer and as a painter. In the entire passage, she talks about how she paints and why she likes painting, hence, giving an idea to the reader that she is a painter.
Passage 5
Read the following passage and answer the questions:
Simple Factual
Question 32.
Name the following.
i. Spot’s owner.
ii. The animal that Spot would frighten away.
iii. Spot wasn’t fond of having these tied to his tail.
iv. The thing that Jonnie would take away from spot that would make him growl
Answer:
i. Johnnie Green
ii. A goose
iii. tin cans
iv. A bone
Nobody ever spoke of old Spot’s master as ‘old Johnnie Green’. Yet the two—boy and dog—were almost exactly the same age. Somehow Spot grew up faster than Johnnie. He had stopped being a puppy by the time his young master learned to walk. And when Johnnie was big enough to play around the farm buildings his parents felt sure that he was safe so long as “old Spot,” as they called the dog, was with him.
Spot thought himself years older than the small boy; or at least he always acted so. If a goose hissed at little, toddling Johnnie Green, old Spot would drive the goose away, barking in a loud voice, “Don’t you frighten this child!” If Johnnie went into the stable and wandered within reach of the horses’ heels, Spot would take hold of his clothes and draw him gently back out of danger. And if Johnnie strayed to the duck pond, the old dog wouldn’t leave him even to chase the cat, but stayed right there by the pond, ready to pull the young child out of the water in case he happened to fall in.
Spot seemed to enjoy his task of taking care of Johnnie Green. It wasn’t all work. A great deal of pleasure went with his duties, for Johnnie Green never wanted to do anything but play. And Spot wasn’t so grown up that he couldn’t enjoy a lively play. For that matter, he never did get over his liking for active fun.
Still, there were some kinds of sport that he didn’t care for. He wasn’t fond of having such things as tin cans tied to his tail. He disliked to be tied to a toy wagon. He hated to have his ears pulled. Yet there was only one thing that ever made him growl. When Johnnie Green took a bone away from him, Spot couldn’t help warning him, with a deep, rumbling grumbling, that he was going too far, even between friends. But he never snapped at Johnnie. That growling was only Spot’s way of teaching Johnnie Green manners.
Complex Factual
Question 33.
Spot proved that he was very fond of Johnnie. Give reasons.
Answer:
Spot proved that he was very fond of Johnnie in the following ways:
- Though he was of the same age as Johnnie, he acted as though he was older than him.
- If any goose hissed at little Johnnie, Spot would bark angrily and scare the goose away.
- In case Johnnie got very close to the horse’s heels as he wandered near the stable, Spot would gently pull him away by his clothes to protect him from being trampled upon.
- He would always be near Johnnie when he was close to the pond, so as to protect him from falling into the water.
Vocabulary
Question 34.
Give one word for the following from the extract.
i. protected from danger
ii. to scare
iii. to run after someone to catch them
iv. social behaviour
Answer:
i. safe
ii. frighten
iii. chase
iv. manners
Grammar
Question 35.
Do as Directed:
i. He had stopped being …… puppy by …… time his young master learned to walk.
(Fill in the blanks with suitable articles)
Answer:
a, the
ii. He disliked to be harnessed to a toy wagon. He hated to have his ears pulled.
(Join the two sentences with a suitable Conjunction)
Answer:
He disliked being harnessed to a toy wagon and hated to have his ears pulled.
Open-ended / Personal Response
Question 36.
Would you want Spot for a pet? Why?
Answer:
Yes, I would definitely want Spot for a pet. His loyalty, sincerity and caring nature is adorable. His manner of showing anger to his master, whom he loves, is very likeable. Moreover, Spot’s unconditional love for his master makes him a very desirable pet.
Festivals of North East India Glossary
Festivals of North East India पाठ्य परिचय
‘Festivals of North East India’ या पाठामध्ये भारताच्या ईशान्य भागातील राज्यांमध्ये साजऱ्या केल्या जाणाऱ्या विविध सणांचे वर्णन केलेले आहे. आपल्या देशाच्या ईशान्य भागात सात राज्ये असून हा भाग वैविध्यपूर्ण संस्कृतींचे माहेरघर आहे. येथील बहुतांश सण हे शेतीवर आधारित असून पारंपरिक नृत्य आणि संगीताशिवाय येथे कोणताही सण साजरा होत नाही.
आसाम हे राज्य समृद्ध अशा हिरवळीने नटलेले असून ब्रह्मपुत्रा ही प्रचंड मोठी नदी या भागातून वाहते. या राज्यात बिहू हा सण साजरा केला जातो. हा सण सुगीच्या आधी (पिकाचा हंगाम सुरू होण्याआधी), पेरणीनंतर आणि सुगीच्या हंगामाच्या अखेरीस (पीक काढणीनंतर) या तीन टप्प्यांमध्ये साजरा केला जातो. हा सण साजरा करत असताना स्त्रिया आणि पुरुष मोठ्या आनंदाने आणि उत्साहाने ‘बिहू’ हे नृत्य सादर करतात. ‘बिहू’ नृत्याच्या स्पर्धा पाहण्यासाठी पर्यटक आणि स्थानिक लोक मोठ्या संख्येने गोळा होतात.
आसामच्या उत्तरेकडील अरुणाचल प्रदेश या राज्याच्या पर्वतीय प्रदेशामध्ये हा सण नृत्य आणि संगीतासह निसर्गावरचे अगाध प्रेम व्यक्त करणारा सण म्हणून साजरा केला जातो. येथे आयोजित केल्या जाणाऱ्या ‘लोसार’ (Losar ) या सणादरम्यान येथील लोक घरांची स्वच्छता करून नवीन वर्षाचे स्वागत करतात.
मणिपूर या राज्यात विवाहित स्त्री आणि तिचे पालक यांच्यातील नातेसंबंध वृद्धिंगत करण्याकरता ‘निंगल चकौबा’ (Ningol Chakouba) हा सण साजरा करतात. स्त्रीला आणि तिच्या मुलांना माहेरी जेवणाचे आमंत्रण दिले जाते, तसेच यावेळी त्यांना भेटवस्तूदेखील दिल्या जातात. एप्रिल महिन्यात नववर्षाचे स्वागत करणारा ‘चैरोबा’ (Cheiroba) हा सण साजरा केला जातो. या सणादरम्यान लोक घरांची स्वच्छता करतात आणि विशेष सुग्रास अन्नपदार्थ बनवतात. यादरम्यान गावकरी शेजारील टेकड्यांवर चढून जातात, असे केल्याने समृद्धी प्राप्त होते असा त्यांचा विश्वास आहे.
मिझोराम या राज्यामध्ये गाणी आणि नृत्यासह ‘चापचार. कुट’ (Chapchar Kut) किंवा वसंतोत्सव साजरा केला जातो. मेघालय या राज्यातील ‘गारोस’ (Garos) ही आदिवासी जमात ‘वांगला’ (Wangala) हा शंभर ढोलांचा उत्सव साजरा करते. कठोर परिश्रमाचा कालावधी संपून समृद्धीच्या कालावधीचे स्वागत करण्यासाठी हा सण साजरा केला जातो. या सणादरम्यान स्त्रिया व पुरुष लयबद्ध नृत्यांचे सादरीकरण करतात. त्रिपुरा या राज्यामध्ये सण-उत्सवांदरम्यान सर्व लोक शिकार, अन्न गोळा करणे इत्यादी पारंपरिक व्यवसायांवर आधारित नृत्य सादर करतात. नागालँड या राज्यामध्ये विविध परंपरा आणि चालीरीती असणाऱ्या लोकांचे वास्तव्य आहे. येथे मौखिक परंपरेने जपलेले साहित्य पुढच्या पिढीपर्यंत पोहोचवण्यासाठी सण व उत्सवांदरम्यान गायन आणि नृत्य यांचे सादरीकरण केले जाते. यांदरम्यान लोक रंगीबेरंगी कपडे घालतात आणि पिसे व जंगली अस्वलांचे दात यांनी सजवलेले टोप डोक्यावर घालतात. ‘मौत्सु’ (Moastu) या पेरणीच्या हंगामानंतर
साजऱ्या केल्या जाणाऱ्या सणादरम्यान पारंपरिक संगीतावर नृत्य केले जाते. वैविध्यपूर्ण परंपरेने नटलेल्या ईशान्य भारतात वर्षातील एकही महिना सणांशिवाय जात नाही. थोडक्यात, या भागातील राज्यांमध्ये वर्षभर विविध सण साजरे केले जातात. येथील बहुतांश लोक आपल्याला प्रदान केलेल्या समृद्धी (धनधान्य) बाबत देवतेकडे कृतज्ञता व्यक्त करण्यासाठी किंवा देवतेला ‘नैसर्गिक आपत्तींपासून आपले रक्षण करावे’ असे साकडे घालण्यासाठी हे सण साजरे करतात. त्याचबरोबर या सणांमधून येथील लोकांना आपले सांस्कृतिक वैभव टिकवून ठेवण्यास प्रोत्साहन मिळते, तसेच त्यांच्यामधील कलात्मक बुद्धिमत्तेचीही जोपासना होते.