Maharashtra Board SSC Class 10 Science 1 Sample Paper Set 2 with Solutions Answers Pdf Download.
Maharashtra Board Class 10 Science 1 Model Paper Set 2 with Solutions
1. (A) Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the statement.
Question 1.
The moon attracts Earth with a force of 1020 N, then the force with which the Earth attracts moon is ………………..
(a) less than 1020 N
(b) 1020 N
(c) 10-20 N
(d) greater than 1020 N
Answer:
(b) 1020N
The moon attracts earth with a force of 1020 N, then the force with which the earth attracts moon is 1020 N.
Question 2.
Atomic number of chlorine is 17. What is the number of electron in the valence shell of chlorine ?
(a) 7
(b) 8
(c) 12
(d) 2
Answer:
(a) 7 electrons are present in the valence shell of chlorine.
Question 3.
To study energy exchange between hot and cold objects, the system of both objects is isolated from environment by keeping them inside ……
(a) A heat resistant box
(b) A rectangular box
(c) Hopis apparatus
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) To-study energy exchange between hot and cold objects, the system of both objects is isolated from environment by keeping them inside a heat resistant box.
Question 4.
What happen when a light ray passes from a rarer medium to a denser medium ?
(a) It bends towards the normal.
(b) It bends away from the normal.
(c) It does not change its direction and hence does not refracted
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) When a light ray passes from a rarer medium to a denser medium, then it bends towards the normal.
Question 5.
Ethanoic acid reacts with the basic salt, sodium carbonate, to form a salt, named ……., water and carbon dioxide gas.
(a) Sodium ethanoate
(b) Ethyl ethanoate
(c) Ethanol
(d) Ethyl sodium
Answer:
Ethanoic acid reacts with the basic salt, sodium carbonate, to form a salt, named sodium ethanoate, water and carbon dioxide gas.
(B) Solve the following questions.
Question 1.
Find the odd one out.
Heater, Toaster, Electric bulb, Electric iron ……
Answer:
Electric bulb, because it has nichrome, others have tungsten as filament.
Question 2.
DC : Non-oscillatory current flowing in one direction :: AC :
Answer:
DC : Non-oscillatory current flowing in one direction :: AC : Current changing in magnitude and direction after equal intervals of time.
Question 3.
Write true and false.
If mass increases, force decreases.
Answer:
False, If mass increases, force increases.
Question 4.
Math the columns :
| Column A’ | Column ‘B’ |
| The SI unit of specific heat capacity | (a) Jkg– 1°C-1 |
| (b) kg/m3 | |
| (c) calorie |
Answer:
The SI unit of specific heat capacity is Jkg-1 °C-1.
Question 5.
Write the IUPAC name of ethylene.
Answer:
Ethene.
2. (A) Give scientific reasons for the following (Any two)
Question 1.
Tungsten metal is used to make a solenoid type coil in an electric bulb.
Answer:
Refer to ssc paper March 2024 Answer 2. (A) (i).
Question 2.
Newton’s gravitational law is the universal law of gravitation.
Answer:
Newton’s gravitational law is applicable throughout the universe and to all particles. Hence, it is called universal law of gravitation.
Question 3.
Atomic radius goes on decreasing while going from left to right in a period.
Answer:
While going from left to right in a period, the atomic number increases by 1. The positive charge increases by one unit at a time. However, the additional electron is added in the same shell. Due to an increase in the positive charge, the electrons are pulled towards the nucleus and the size of the atom decreases.
(B) Solve the following questions. (Any three)
Question 1.
Complete the given chemical equation :
Zn(s) + CuSO4 (aq) → ……. + ……..
Name the type of reaction.
Answer:
CuSO4 (aq) + Zn(s) → ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
This is a displacement reaction.
Question 2.
Complete the chart below.
| F(N) | M1(kg) | M2(kg) | D(m) |
| (a) | 50 | 84 | 02 |
| 16 × 109 | 1.63 × 1022 | (b) | 34 |
Answer:
We know, F = \(G \frac{M_1 M_2}{D^2}\)
Where, G is the constant of proportionality and is called the universal gravitational constant. In SI units, its value is 6.673 × 10-11 N m2 kg-2.
(a) Given, M1 = 50 kg, M2 = 84 kg, D = 02 m Therefore, using formula,
F = \(\frac{6.673 \times 10^{-11} \times 50 \times 84}{2^2}\)
⇒ F = 7 × 10-8 N
(b) Given, F = 16 × 109 N, M1 = 1.63 × 1022 kg, D = 34 m
To find, M2 = ?
Therefore, using formula,
16 × 109 = \(\frac{\left(1.63 \times 10^{22} \times \mathrm{M}_2 \times 6.673 \times 10^{-11}\right)}{(34)^2}\)
⇒ M2 = 17 kg
So, following table is as follows :
| F(N) | M1(kg) | M2(kg) | D(m) |
| 7 × 10-8 | 50 | 84 | 02 |
| 16 × 109 | 1.63 × 1022 | 17 | 34 |
Question 3.
If mass of a planet is eight times the mass of the earth and its radius is twice the radius of the earth, what will be the escape velocity for the planet ?
Answer:
Given, Mass of planet (M’) = 8M (mass of earth)
Radius of planet (R’) = 2R (radius of earth)
So, Escape velocity of planet (VP) = \(\sqrt{\frac{2 \mathrm{G}^{\prime} \mathrm{M}^{\prime}}{\mathrm{R}^{\prime}}}\)
VP = \(\sqrt{\frac{2(G)(8 M)}{2 R}}\)
VP = \(\sqrt{4 \times\left(\frac{2 \mathrm{GM}}{\mathrm{R}}\right)}\) (∵ \(\sqrt{\frac{2 \mathrm{GM}}{\mathrm{R}}}\))
⇒ VP = 2 Vesc
Where, Vesc is the escape velocity of earth, i.e., 11.2 km/s
VP = 2 × 11.2 = 22.4 km
Question 4.
Observe the following structures and give IUPAC name for structural formula correctly.
(a)
(b)
Answer:
(a) Propan-2-ol M
(b) pentan-2-one
Question 5.
State the condition under which total internal reflection occurs. Give the mathematical expression for total internal reflection.
Answer:
When the angle of incidence is larger than the critical angle, the angle of refraction is larger than 90°. Such rays return to the same denser medium and all the light gets reflected back into the denser medium and total internal reflection occurs.
Expression for total internal reflection:
1n2 = sin C
Where, C = critical angle and n2 = refractive index of rarer medium (1 w.r.t. denser medium (2).
3. Solve the following questions. (Any five)
Question 1.
Add potassium chromate (K2CrO4) into the solution of barium sulphate (BaSO4).
(a) What was the colour of the precipitate formed ? Also write the name of the precipitate.
(b) Write down the balanced equation for this reaction.
(c) Will you call this reaction a displacement reaction or a double displacement reaction. Why?
Answer:
(a) Yellow precipitate of barium chromate.
(b) K2CrO4 + BaSO4 → BaCrO4 + K2SO4
(c) This is a double displacement reaction. The reaction in which the ions in the reactants are exchanged to form a precipitate are called double displacement reactions.
Question 2.
A graph between the volume and temperature of water is shown. Explain the anomalous behaviour of water.
Answer:
When a liquid is heated upto a certain temperature, it expands, and contracts on cooling. However, water, on heating from 0°C upto 4°C, contracts instead of expanding. At 4°C, its volume is minimum (due to contraction). If the water is heated further, it expands and its volume increases. The behaviour of water between its temperatures from 0°C to 4°C is called anomalous behaviour of water. It means that the density of water is maximum at 4°C.
Question 3.
Currently, there are more than 2,500 man-made satellites orbiting the earth. The satellites are launched with a specific objective in mind pertaining to several uses.
Answer the following questions based on the concept of satellites given in the passage :
(a) Name a natural satellite of earth.
(b) What is artificial satellite ? Name the first artificial satellite.
(c) What is the purpose of sending such satellites ?
Answer:
(a) Moon is the only natural satellite of the earth.
(b) An artificial satellite is a man made astronomical object orbiting in a fixed path round the earth or any other planet.
The first artificial satellite is ‘Sputnik’ which was sent to space by Soviet Union in 1957.
(c) Satellites are launched for different applications related to communications and information gathering. Depending on their function, instruments are installed in the satellites to receive and transmit signals from and to the earth.
Question 4.
Observe the following diagram and answer the questions.
(a) Explain the construction of equipment shown in figure.
(b) How is AC generated ?
Answer:
(a) An AC generator consists of a rotating rectangular coil ABCD placed between the two poles of a permanent magnet. The two ends of the coil are connected to the two rings R1 and R2. The two conducting stationary brushes B1 and B2 are kept pressed separately on the rings R1 and R2 respectively.
The two rings R1 and R2 are internally attached to an axle, which may be mechanically rotated from outside to rotate the coil inside the magnetic field. Outer ends of the two brushes are connected to the galvanometer to show the direction of flow of current in the given external circuit.
(b) According to Fleming’s right hand rule, current is induced in these arms in the direction ABCD. After half rotation, arm CD moves down and arm AB moves up. As a result, the direction of current in each segment changes, giving rise to net induced current in the direction DCBA. Thus, after every rotation, polarity of current in the respective arm changes, thereby generating an alternating current.
Question 5.
Out of three metals sodium, calcium and aluminium, which metal reacts most with water? Give equation of reaction with all three metals.
Answer:
Sodium metal reacts rapidly and vigorously with water and liberates hydrogen gas.
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g) + Heat
Calcium reacts with water slowly and less vigorously. The hydrogen gas released collects on the surface of the metal in the form of bubbles and the metal floats on water.
2Ca(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)
Aluminium do not react with cold or hot water, but react with steam to form oxide.
Hydrogen gas is released in this reaction.
2Al(s) + 3H2O(g) → Al2O3(s) + 3H2(g)
Question 6.
Answer the following questions based on ionic compounds :
(a) Why the ionic compounds exist in solid state and are hard ?
(b) The melting and boiling point of ionic compounds are high. Give reason.
(c) Do ionic compounds conduct electricity ? If yes in which state and why ?
Answer:
(a) The cation and anion being oppositely charged, have an electrostatic force of attraction between them, which is very strong in nature because of strong electrostatic force the ionic compounds which exist in solid state and are hard.
(b) The intermolecular force of attraction is high in ionic compounds and, large energy is required to overcome it. Therefore, the melting and boiling points of ionic compounds are high.
(c) Yes, ionic compounds conduct electricity, but they cannot conduct electicity when in solid state, since in that state the ions cannot move. However, in the fused or molten state they can conduct electricity, as in this state the ions are mobile and have dissociated ions.
Question 7.
The reaction of calcium carbonate, with freshly prepared lime water is shown below :
Answer the questions with the help of diagram.
(a) What type of reaction does calcium carbonate undergoes ?
(b) What change in colour is observed in lime ?
(c) Write the chemical equation.
Answer:
(a) Decomposition reaction. The chemical reaction in which two or more products are formed from a single reactant is called decomposition reaction.
(b) Carbon dioxide gas formed turns the lime water milky.
(c)
Question 8.
Complete the following table based on image formation by convex lens:
| Position of Object | Position of Image | Nature of Image |
| At infinity | (a) ……………. | Real and inverted and highly diminished image |
| Beyond 2F1 | (b) ……………. | (c) ……………. |
| At 2F1 | (d)……………. | Real, inverted, same size (as object) image |
| Between F1 and 2F1 | Beyond 2F2 | (e)……………. |
| At focus F1 | (f) ………… | Real, inverted and highly enlarged image |
Answer:
(a) At focus F2
(b) Between F2 and 2F2
(c) Real, inverted and diminished image
(d) At 2F2
(e) Real, inverted and enlarged image
(f) At infinity
4. Solve the following questions. (Any one)
Question 1.
Write the answer of the questions with reference to periodic table.
(a) What does (A), (B), (C), (D) represent ?
(b) Elements are arranged in an increasing order of their ………
(c) Write the electronic configuration of the first four elements in Group I.
(d) What change in atomic radius is observed in moving from left to right in a Period?
(e) Give reason for (d).
Answer:
(A) represents s-block elements.
(B) represents p-block elements.
(C) represents transition elements.
(D) represents inner transition elements i.e., f-block elements.
(b) Elements are arranged in an increasing order of their atomic numbers.
(c) Electronic configuration for elements is as follows
(d) Atomic radius goes on decreasing while going from left to right within a period.
(e) While going from left to right within a period, the atomic number increases one by one, the positive charge on the nucleus increases by one unit at a time. However, the additional electron gets added to the same outermost shell. Due to the increased nuclear charge the electrons are pulled towards the nucleus to a greater extent and thereby the size of the atom decreases.
Question 2.
Write the answers of the questions with reference to laws of gravitation.
(a) State the universal law of gravitation.
(b) Write the value of universal gravitational constant.
(c) If mass of an object is 20 kg what is its weight on the earth ?
(d) What is the relation between weight of an object on moon to that of its weight on earth ?
(e) An object weighs 100 N on the surface of the earth. What would be its weight when measured on the surface of the moon ?
Answer:
(a) Every object in the Universe attracts every other object with a force which is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
The force is along the line joining the centres of the two objects.
F ∝ \(\frac{m_1 m_2}{d^2}\)
⇒ F = \(\mathrm{G} \frac{m_1 m_2}{d^2}\)
Where, G is the constant of proportionality known as the universal gravitational constant. In SI units, its value is 6.673 × 10-11 N m2kg-2.
(b) The value of universal gravitational constant is 6.67 × 10-11N m2 kg-2.
(c) Given, Mass, m = 20 kg
Acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.8 ms-2
Weight, W = m × g = 20 kg × 9.8 ms-2 = 196 N
Thus, the weight of the object on earth is 196 N.
(d) Weight of the object on the moon = \(\left(\frac{1}{6}\right)^{\text {th }}\) × Weight of object on the earth.
(e) We know,
Weight of object on the the moon = \(\left(\frac{1}{6}\right)^{\text {th }}\) × Weight of object on the earth.
That is WM = \(\frac{W_E}{6}\) = \(\frac{100}{6}\)
Therefore, WM = 16.67 N
Thus, the weight of the object on moon will be 16.67 N.