Transport and Communication Class 9 Geography Notes Maharashtra State Board
You must have realized that while traveling or transporting goods, we have to consider many things. If there are many ways and means of transport available, then we can think about those alternatives. There are roadways, railways, waterways, airways, and pipelines by which transportation can be done. The following factors should be kept in mind while selecting the routes and the means of transport.
If we consider the above-mentioned factors, then our time and money is saved during the journey or transport. Traveling becomes comfortable. Transport is done without any damage to the goods. The selling price to be paid by the customer is not decided by the cost of production only. It is decided by the transport cost and the production cost. The transport of freight should be done rapidly and safely. The price of the good can be kept low if the transportation is affordable.
Transportation is a basic infrastructure. The development of transportation infrastructure is an indicator of the development of the country or that region. The reforms in the transport sector enhance the dynamicity of freight and passengers in a region. Also, industries and markets develop. Economic growth gets a boost. Per capita income (PCI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) increase too.
While reading a map, we can easily see the patterns of transport routes. We can see the distribution of transport routes in the form of dense networks in some places and sparse networks at others. In some places, there are no transport routes at all. For what reasons does a region become devoid of any transport route? Why does a dense network develop in some regions? These questions can arise in our minds. To answer these, we need to see the physical map of the region too along with the transport map. When we read both maps simultaneously, we get the answers to those questions.
Green Corridor:
It happens that sometimes a dead person has donated his organs. In such cases, such organs need to be transported from the donor’s location to the receiver urgently. For this organ transfer, all types of routes are cleared of all obstacles. This is called Green Corridor. Consequently, rapid transport of the organ can save the receiver’s life.
RoRo (Roll-on Roll-off) Transport:
Transportation can be done from one station to another station using railways. Freight transport is carried out on a large scale on national highways. The freight transport by trucks is costlier than railways. As a solution or via media the RoRo transport system has started being used in India. In this system, the trucks loaded with goods are transported to desired stations through a goods train. From there, the trucks take the goods ahead to the desired locations. As railways are used for part of the distance cost of transport is reduced. Thus, the cost of fuel and pollution caused by trucks can be reduced. The use of RoRo services started on the Konkan railway for the first time in India.
When you study the maps of the physical structure, main roads, and railways of the Satara district, you will understand the following issues.
- The western part of the Satara district is occupied by the Sahyadris and its offshoots and its elevation is higher. Its topography is undulating. In this region, lies the extensive Shivsagar reservoir of the Koyna Dam.
- The central and eastern parts of the district are comparatively lower and medium elevations.
- Considering the physiography of the Satara district, the transport network is sparse in the west, whereas its density on the eastern side is medium. Comparatively, the central part of the district has a dense transport network. You may have noticed that a National Highway and a railway route pass through this part of the district. There are many road networks connecting the highway. You will realize that the physiography i.e. hills, valleys, rivers, etc. of a region affects its transport routes.
There is a correlation between transport routes and the physiography of a region. By studying the physiography of a region, we understand its accessibility and remoteness. Transport facilities can develop well in plains while areas with higher relief have limits on the development of transport routes.
Importance of Transportation:
- Extending trade and network
- Rapid industrialisation
- Availability of employment opportunities
- Regional connectivity
- Utility of the site
- Overcoming scarcity (deficit)
- Decreasing regional imbalance
- Tourism development
Communication:
Like transportation, communication is also a basic infrastructure. Communication or the exchange of information is an important process in today’s era.
In today’s modern age, man-made satellites are an important and effective means of communication. The exchange of messages through mobiles, watching programs on TV, getting updated information regarding climatic conditions, etc. is possible simultaneously through manmade satellites. Satellite images obtained by remote sensing facilitate the study of resources on the earth’s surface and help in regional planning.
In this age of internet and social media, everyone needs to use this system. The government of India is incentivizing the use of online trading, payments, money transfer, etc. Many apps (applications) which can be used on mobile phones have been developed. For example BHIM app, SBI Anywhere, etc. Through these communicational facilities, we can pay various bills, sell, buy, and carry out such transactions.
Communication facilities have now developed on a large scale. This is not just limited to talking on telephones or sending messages but also video calling is available now. Similarly, through video conferencing, we can talk to many people at a time. Besides the above facilities, means of communication have a few threats associated with them. Many crimes are happening through the internet like website/email hacking, fraud, theft, attacks, wars terrorism, etc.
Possibilities of threats like theft of information, economic fraud, attacking important websites, etc arise. Therefore, one should take precautions while using social networks. We should not reveal our information before ensuring safety. We should not put any sensitive information or personal information on social networking sites, blogs, etc. The figure shows the image of cyber attacks. These attacks are happening in various countries. This will give you an idea of the cyber wars happening in the world of the internet.
Good Maharashtra State Board Class 9 Geography Notes Transport and Communication can simplify complex concepts and make studying more efficient.